Chapter 01  ·  Cold open
2027

The year AI stops being a tool
you open — and becomes one
that closes the loop.

Chapter 02  —  The horizon

The measure isn’t IQ.
It’s how long it can work alone.

METR times the tasks frontier agents finish by themselves — at 50% reliability. Not what a demo can do once. What a model can do often, from a single instruction, measured in hours of human work.

255×
longer tasks in three years
4 minutes → 17 hours
Chart · METR time-horizon suite v1.1 · Sept 2026  |  lime dashed line is an extrapolation, not a measurement
Chapter 03  —  The reliability tax

The number everyone quotes
is a coin flip.

“Seventeen-hour horizon” sounds like a workday. It is not. It means the agent finishes a tough job half the time — and the failures aren’t evenly spread. Chain a hundred steps at 99% reliability each and the whole run collapses to barely one in three.

0.99¹⁰⁰ = 0.37
At 50% reliability
17h
The headline number. Half of the runs finish.
At 80% reliability
3h
The number you can build a business on.
A 100-step job · 99% per step
0%
37 finish63 fail somewhereexpected value: 0.366
Chapter 04  —  Hands

It stops answering.
It starts finishing.

In 2026, an agent that can hold a task for most of a working day stops being a chatbot with a big context window. It reads the repo, books the meeting, files the form, runs the tests, opens the pull request. The interface dissolves into a queue of outcomes.

0h 00m
Human-equivalent work logged
in one unattended overnight run
atlas / billing-v2 / run 0817
Autonomous
Plan · 7 steps · 4 workers
Read the repo, map every caller
1,284 files · 11s
+00:04
Draft the migration + rollback
38 files changed · +1,204 −388
+00:41
Run the suite, fix the reds
42 passed · 0 failed
+02:12
Open the pull request
writing the description…
now
Ship to staging
queued · needs approval
—
Update the changelog
queued · #2 in line
—
09:14 $ agent run --goal "billing-v2"
09:14 → plan 7 steps · 4 workers
09:14 ✓ read 1,284 files 11s
09:16 ✓ patch 38 files +1,204 −388
09:22 ✓ tests 42 passed 0 failed
09:24 ! flaky suite retried ×2
09:41 ✓ preview deployed
09:41 $ review ready → 2 humans
09:42 ✓ risk 38 files low
09:42 ✓ changelog drafted
09:43 → preview staging--billing-v2
█ waiting for approval
Tokens1.24M
Spend$3.10
Files touched38
Approvals needed1
Run 0817 · awaiting one approval
Chapter 05  —  The price of thought

Intelligence is being metered
like electricity.

The same answer that cost twenty dollars in 2022 costs a few cents today. Cost curves like this don’t produce a demo. They produce a default.

280×
cheaper, in 23 monthsto reach GPT-3.5-level output · Stanford AI Index

By 2027 the marginal cost of a competent answer is close enough to zero that “should we use AI?” stops being a budget question — and becomes a design decision.

Price · 1M tokens · GPT-3.5-equivalentlog scale
NOV 2022
$20.00
NOV 2023
$2.00
OCT 2024
$0.07
END 2027
~$0.0007
measuredprojected · illustrative
Gets cheap
  • Reasoning tokens
  • Code review at 2 a.m.
  • A first draft of anything
Stays expensive
  • Verification
  • Accountability
  • Taste & distribution
The price of a token collapses.
The price of being wrong does not.
Sources · Stanford AI Index 2025 · a16z “LLMflation”  |  project cost is an estimate, not a quote
Unit 04 · humanoid
field trial, 2026
not yet general
Chapter 06  —  The ceiling

What 2027 will
not fix.

01
Reliability is not a benchmark
A system that is right 80% of the time cannot run a payroll. The last mile to 99.99% is engineering, not intelligence — and it is slow.
usable autonomy80% → 99.99%
02
A long context is not a memory
Models can hold a million tokens. They still cannot accumulate a decade of judgement, taste, or accountability. Context windows are not track records.
institutional memoryfragile
03
Atoms move slower than tokens
Robots, permits, factories and power lines will set the 2027 pace. The grid is now a capability constraint — IEA expects data-centre demand to more than double by 2030.
physical deploymentyears
“The bottleneck has moved from intelligence
to the trust required to stop watching.” — the 2027 constraint, in one line
Chapter 07  —  Three futures

Three 2027s are still open.

Same models. Different institutions. The gap between them is measured in trust, not parameters.

01 / THE PLATEAU
The Copilot
0%
probability · author’s estimate
AUTONOMY2 hours
HUMAN REVIEWevery output
AI as a very good assistant. Hours saved per person, every day. Review stays human. Headcount is flat, output is up.
Most likely
02 / THE MIDDLE
The Teammate
0%
probability · author’s estimate
AUTONOMY8 hours
HUMAN REVIEWsampled
A competent junior with a manager’s calendar and a contractor’s invoice. Agents own whole tickets, escalate exceptions, and appear in org charts as line items.
03 / THE LEAP
The Operator
0%
probability · author’s estimate
AUTONOMY3 days
HUMAN REVIEWexceptions only
Multi-day projects, delivered. A team of agents sets its own sub-goals with 90%+ reliability. Rare because the reliability curve has to break trend.
Projection window · Q4 2027  |  probabilities are the author’s, not the industry’s Forecasts age badly. Uncertainty is the honest default.
The forecast · December 2027 Two-day projects, half the time. Eight-hour workdays, most of the time.

The level isn’t a number.

It’s how much you trust it with
before you check.

HORIZON / 2027
Field notes on the near future
Written & animated in one HTML file
Replay
Sources  METR time horizons 1.1 · Stanford AI Index 2025/2026 · Epoch AI compute trends · IEA Energy & AI 2025
Made with GSAP · WebGL · real photographs · no footage from the future
Forecast, not fact.
2027 will revise this film.
Field notes · 001  —  Winter 2026

HORIZON
2027

A two-minute forecast of what artificial intelligence can actually do by the end of next year — measured in hours of human work, not in benchmark points.

02:00 runtime 08 chapters 16:9 cinema EN english

Every number is sourced or labelled as an estimate.
This is a forecast, not a product announcement.

Download MP4 · 1080p 720p 30 fps · 02:00 · with score

Sources · METR · Stanford AI Index · Epoch AI · IEA Best viewed full screen · press F
00:00.0 / 02:00.0
Field notes · 001 — Winter 2026

HORIZON
2027

What artificial intelligence can actually do by the end of next year — measured in hours of human work, not benchmark points.

Best in landscape · turn the phone sideways
for the full 16:9 frame.
Rotate for cinema
01 / 08COLD OPEN
The year AI stops being a tool you open.
02:00 · 16:9 · ENGLISH · FORECAST, NOT FACT Sources · METR · Stanford AI Index · Epoch AI · IEA
Preparing film